Energy Information Administration Totally Explained

Everything about Energy Information Administration totally explained

The United States Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, is the independent statistical agency within the U.S. Department of Energy. EIA's mission is to provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets, and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment.
The agency collects data on energy reserves, production, consumption, distribution, prices, technology, and related international, economic, and financial matters. This information is disseminated as policy-independent data, forecasts, and analyses. EIA publishes long- and short-term energy forecasts. EIA programs cover data on coal, petroleum, natural gas, electric, renewable and nuclear energy.

Independence

By law, EIA's products are prepared independently of policy considerations. EIA neither formulates nor advocates any policy conclusions. The Department of Energy Organization Act allows EIA's processes and products to be independent from review by Executive Branch officials; specifically Section 205(d) says:
"The Administrator shan't be required to obtain the approval of any other officer or employee of the Department in connection with the collection or analysis of any information; nor shall the Administrator be required, prior to publication, to obtain the approval of any other officer or employee of the United States with respect to the substance of any statistical or forecasting technical reports which he's prepared in accordance with law." (External Link

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Products, Publications, and Databases

More than 2 million people use EIA's information online each month. EIA's most popular products include:

Monthly Energy Review: Provides statistics on monthly and annual U.S. national energy consumption going back approximately 30 years, broken down by source in downloadable PDF. The figures are given in units of quads (quadrillion BTUs.)

Annual Energy Review: EIA's primary report of historical annual energy statistics. For many series, data begin with the year 1949.

Annual Energy Outlook: Projection and analysis of U.S. energy supply, demand, and prices through 2030 based on EIA's National Energy Modeling System. Projections are always based on current legislation.

Country Energy Profiles: Data through 2006 by country, region, and commercial group (OECD, OPEC) for 215 countries and in-depth analysis for 151 countries.

Short Term Energy Outlook: Quarterly energy projections out about 18 months into the future.

This Week in Petroleum: Weekly summary and explanation of events in U.S. and world petroleum markets.

Legislation Affecting EIA

The Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974, Public Law 93-275, as amended, created the first U.S. agency with the primary focus on energy and mandated it to collect, assemble, evaluate, and analyze energy information. It also provided FEA with data collection enforcement authority for gathering data from energy producing and major consuming firms. Section 52 of the FEA Act mandated establishment of the National Energy Information System to "…contain such energy information as is necessary to carry out the Administration’s statistical and forecasting activities…"
   The Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977, Public Law 95-91, created the Department of Energy. Section 205 of this law established the Energy Information Administration (EIA) to carry out a
   . . . central, comprehensive, and unified energy data and information program which will collect, evaluate, assemble, analyze, and disseminate data and information which is relevant to energy resource reserves, energy production, demand, and technology, and related economic and statistical information, or which is relevant to the adequacy of energy resources to meet demands in the near and longer term future for the Nation’s economic and social needs.
   The same law established that EIA's processes and products are independent from review by Executive Branch officials.
   The majority of EIA energy data surveys are based on the general mandates set forth above. However, there are some surveys specifically mandated by law, including:

EIA-28, Financial Reporting System

- Section 205(h) of the DOE Organization Act.

EIA-1605 and 1605EZ, Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases

- Section 1605(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992.

EIA-886, Annual Survey of Alternative Fueled Vehicle Suppliers and Users

] - Section 503(b) of the [[EnergyPolicy Act of 1992].

EIA-858, Uranium Marketing Annual Survey

- Section 1015 of the Energy Policy Act of 1992.

EIA-846A-C, Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey

- Section 205(i) of the DOE Organization Act (the Act calls for a biennial survey; however, this survey is done quadrennially due to resource constraints).

EIA-457A-G, Residential Energy Consumption Survey

- Section 205(k) of the DOE Organization Act (the Act calls for a triennial survey; however, this survey is done quadrennially due to resource constraints).

EIA-871A-F, Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey

- Section 205(k) of the DOE Organization Act (the Act calls for a triennial survey; however, this survey is done quadrennially due to resource constraints).

Petroleum Marketing Surveys - Section 507 of Part A of Title V of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 broadly directs EIA to collect information on the pricing, supply, and distribution of petroleum products by product category at the wholesale and retail levels, on a State-by-State basis, which was collected as of September 1, 1981, by the Energy Information Administration.

Sources

Energy Information Administration Website

Further Information

Get more info on 'Energy Information Administration'.

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